Immunohistochemical diagnosis of lymphoproliferative diseases

Lymphomas are classified as diseases of the hematopoietic tissue – hemoblastoses, among which leukemias and hematosarcomas are distinguished. Lymphomas are characterized by the development of focal tumor growths from elements of hematopoietic tissue without damage to the bone marrow (lymph node) in the early stages. The etiology of lymphomas has not been definitively established. The risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is associated with infectious agents (Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I), environmental factors (ionizing radiation, pesticides), primary and secondary (iatrogenic) immunodeficiency, autoimmune diseases. In accordance with Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases, the diagnosis is established on the basis of morphological examination of biopsy or surgical material using histological and immunohistochemical methods. Morphological examination should be performed by an expert pathologist and meet the criteria of the current classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). The volume of immunohistochemical examination is determined by the pathologist during the histological examination of the biopsy. In some cases, molecular biological and genetic studies are carried out. Cytological examination of punctures or smear prints of a lymph node or other tumor foci is not a sufficient basis for nosological verification of lymphomas.

the preparation for the study is determined by the attending physician.

diagnosis of lymphoproliferative diseases.

The interpretation of the results of the study contains information for the attending physician and is not a diagnosis. The information in this section cannot be used for self-diagnosis and self-medication. An accurate diagnosis is made by a doctor using both the results of this examination and the necessary information from other sources: anamnesis, results of other examinations, etc. Units of measurement: none. Reference values The range of values is individual, depending on the medical history, the treatment performed and the clinical diagnosis. A macroscopic description of the material sent for the study. When examining ready-made blocks and micro-preparations, the protocol indicates the number and identification numbers of all studied objects. Histological description of lymphoma indicating the type of growth (diffuse, nodular, follicular, etc.), characteristics of cellular composition (small, large cells, polymorphic composition, anaplastic, blast morphology, the presence of multinucleated forms, characteristics of nuclei), the presence of reactive and residual components. The results of an immunohistochemical study indicating the antibodies used, their clones and the details of staining, indicating the specific nature of the reaction. A diagnostic conclusion formulated in accordance with the current WHO classification.